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ESOL TEST 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Affective Filter Hypothesis (Krashen) - ....ANSWER ...-describes external factors that can act as a filter that impedes acquistion, such as motivation level, self-confidence level, and anxiety Universal Grammar (Chomsky) - ....ANSWER ...-A linguistic theory that the ability to learn language is innate, distinctly human and distinct from all other aspects of human cognition. poverty of the stimulus argument - ....ANSWER ...-the argument that the linguistic environment to which a child is exposed is not good enough to enable language acquisition on its own pre-speech stage - ....ANSWER ...-a stage of language acquisition; infants learn to pay attention to speech, inflection, and rhythm before they begin to speak cooing stage - ....ANSWER ...-at about 2 months the infant begins to make vowel- like sounds babbling stage - ....ANSWER ...-beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language ....FOR STUDY PURPOSES...©️2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED... 1